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diagnosis causes hyponatremia low hypokalemia alkalosis metabolic potassium aki acute hypernatremia kidney management neurology workup chloride classification gitelman high hypercalcemia
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Tubular Defects ... Localization #Nephron #Defects ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADH promotes Urea ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects ... Epithelial Cells Renal ... of epithelial sodium ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... • Increased renal ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... perspiration Renal ... concentrating defect ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Generalized Edema - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Overfill (Increased renal ... sodium retention ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm - GI Losses - Redistribution - 1° HPT - 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
- 1° HPT - 1° Renal ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... low #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... • Renal Failure ... #causes #nephrology
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