25 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... acute ischemic disorder ... Doppler US : halo sign ... efficacy of GCs Abnormal ... Ophthalmology #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... and signs below ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... differential #algorithm
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Vascular disorders ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... varying neurologic signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Sweet Syndrome

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweets Syndrome) is a skin condition characterized by fever and inflamed
Rare Disorder: ... Episcleritis Signs ... and Symptoms: ... development of skin symptoms ... Causes: - Idiopathic
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
recessive blood disorder ... that adopt an abnormal ... The underlying pathophysiology ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms