49 results
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
the ankle jerk reflex ... a diagnosis of primary ... a deep-tendon reflex ... #Delayed #Clinical ... #Video #Neurology
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... multiparous women - Urge ... Contraction - Signs ... , cauda equina syndrome ... Obstruction #Urinary
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
Primary Sjogren’ ... and Clinical Findings ... • Primary Sjögren's ... processes like primary ... (Dry skin) #Primary
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
infection and primary ... of Primary Otalgia ... of Primary Otalgia ... of Primary Otalgia ... of Primary Otalgia
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sudden, strong urge ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Lower Urinary Tract ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... neurogenic bladder, urinary ... epithelium -> Lower Urinary ... Signs/Symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... of normal leg reflexes ... ) • Urinary and ... #signs
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
Upper Urinary Tract ... neurogenic bladder, urinary ... - Indwelling urinary ... accumulation Lower Urinary ... #Symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... - Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... the bladder for urinary ... #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology