9 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinalysis & Urine ... proteinuria as a disease ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... #Urinalysis #crystals
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... protein indicating acute ... - Some crystals ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis ... repeat testing • Acute ... → Refer to Nephrology ... Workup #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... (Urinalysis or ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... /microscopy/UOP/ ... weights - Urine ... - Pre-renal disease ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... microscopy / urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... Red blood cell ... #Differential #Microscopy
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
polarized light microscopy ... intracellular urate crystals ... Screening Tests for Acute ... acid level • Urinalysis ... • Serum and urine
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
advanced liver disease ... hepatitis, or acute ... , or blood) ... • Urine sodium ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology