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diagnosis aki algorithm kidney hematuria kidneyinjury microscopy workup endocarditis management syndrome urology acutekidneyinjury atlas failure glomerular hepatology hepatorenal hrs hyperkalemia
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... osmolarity If cause ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #nephrology #interpretation
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... #blood #urine
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... ) - Differential ... Epithelial cell casts ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated - Systemic vasodilation - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... cell casts on UA ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... Management: Avoiding nephrotoxic
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential ... Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal PRE-RENAL Impaired perfusion: •
Causes of Acute ... • Sepsis • Blood ... Interstitial nephritis ... Postrenal #Failure #Differential ... #Nephrology
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