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diagnosis algorithm differential workup glomerular nephritic aki glomerulonephritis microscopy nephritis syndrome blood comparison hematuria kidneyinjury renal testing urology ain associated
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... but in severe cases ... Massive proteinuria ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria and/or proteinuria ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome == Nephrotic Syndrome == Onset - Insidious Edema - ++++ Blood
- Normal/low Proteinuria ... Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... , RBC casts, dysmorphic ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Interstitial Nephritis ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... , granular casts ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... (Negative urine ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #nephrology #interpretation
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE patient develops
develops new: • Proteinuria ... urine sediment ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... algorithm #sle #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
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