24 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... may be in nephrotic ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
Orbital Apex Syndrome ... other potential causes ... The MRI findings ... Orbital Apex Syndrome ... #physicalexam #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... Non-inflammatory Causes ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... #Syndromes #neurology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... solute intake (Beer ... table #sodium #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... colored compounds (e.g ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
condition may be ... tumors along the apex ... experience, the cause ... #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... nodules, may also see ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology