25 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Epithelial cells - Normal ... - Diagnostic of ... high-power field = normal ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... → Diagnostic of ... Hematuria: • Stone ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #renal
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... function is normal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

This primitive reflex found in newborn babies that normally vanishes around 4
face is turned to one ... #Neck #Reflex #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #Neurology ... #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Normal #Primitive
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... leukemia Measure Urine ... alkalosis, Hungry bone ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
nonspecific; seen in normal ... and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Algorithm Normal ... Loss (Negative urine ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Galant Reflex on Physical Exam

The Galant reflex is present at birth and remains until the 2nd
persistent in cases ... Galant #Reflex #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #Neurology ... #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Normal #Primitive
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chemotherapy • Bone ... Celiac, IBD) • Renal ... endocrinology #causes ... #pediatrics