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nephrology differential hematuria acute aki urology alkalosis hyponatremia metabolic workup blood hypokalemia kidneyinjury nephritis nephrotic polyuria proteinuria syndrome acutekidneyinjury ain
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #causes #urology
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Persistent ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... #Algorithm #Workup
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Urine ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
circulating volume, Urinary ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Urine Microscopy Instructions 1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Urine Microscopy ... 1) Spin fresh urine ... under lower power (casts ... iMedEducation #Urine ... #nephrology #diagnosis
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