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diagnosis algorithm acute casts hyponatremia acutekidneyinjury kidneyinjury workup ain anasarca atlas checklist criticalcare edema generalized hypotonic injury interpretation interstitial key
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Granular - May ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... sensitive) • AKI ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... tubular proteinuria, granular ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
General approach to AKI - Checklist Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
General approach to AKI ... sodium excretion ... FENa) could help differentiate ... tubular interstitial nephritis ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Edema - Differential ... Increased renal sodium ... retention, Urine ... • NSAlDs • AKI
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... ) • Granular Casts ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... renal disease • Granular ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) What to ask/look for: - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Differential
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