18 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... failure (acute and chronic ... Chronic progressive ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... Metabolic Alkalosis: Emesis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... potassium #low #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Serum K = Hyperkalemic ... tract obstruction, Chronic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal failure • Chronic ... Normal, Renin High ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... with renal tubal acidosis ... : • Acute or chronic ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (AML) • Chronic ... Drug-induced • High ... • Diabetic acidosis ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Chronic diarrhea ... • Chronic salicylate ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... And BMP Normal Values ... 0.8 Normal + High ... 0.8-2.0 Pure High ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Pediatric Vomiting - Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hepatobiliary:
 • Acute Hepatitis
 • Acute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gastrointestinal - Chronic ... • Uremia • Hypercalcemia ... Carbon Monoxide High ... Psychogenic #Emesis