11 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • Acute or chronic ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal failure • Chronic ... Normal, Renin High ... #nephrology #potassium
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperpigmented skin (due to high ... hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia, ... around 6-8AM) – if value
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... Metabolic Alkalosis: Emesis ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Pediatric Vomiting - Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hepatobiliary:
 • Acute Hepatitis
 • Acute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gastrointestinal - Chronic ... • Uremia • Hypercalcemia ... Carbon Monoxide High ... Psychogenic #Emesis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... normal volume-based algorithm ... diuresis can be high ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI Absorption: Chronic ... Alkalosis, Tumor Genesis ... Inappropriately High ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... • Hypercalcemia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Creatinine • Chronic ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology