27 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... • RBC Casts - ... glomerulonephritis • WBC ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... fresh at time of microscopy ... #Microscopy #Atlas ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... casts → Diagnostic ... causes #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Diagnostic Criteria for Scleroderma Renal Crisis 

1. New onset blood pressure >150/85 mm Hg OR increase
A decline in renal ... examination - Microscopic ... hematuria on urine ... cells on urine ... microscopy -
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
unilateral flank pain ... WBCs, or urine ... casts, dysmorphic ... for renal biopsy ... Workup #urology #blood
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... disease Red blood ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... (RBC) ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, ... casts, crystals
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood ... multiples per RBC ... human malaria cases ... peripheral #clinical #microscopy ... #microbiology #
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- BMP, cap, CBC ... - Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... and pre-renal) ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology