146 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
of UTI, urine WBCs ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... Workup #urology #blood
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... hemolysis) • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... urine sediment - WBC ... /RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Septic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Notes:
- Septic Arthritis is typically monoarticular & the knee is involved
involved in >50% of cases ... - decr blood flow ... clarity, >50000 WBC ... S.A. can also be caused ... SepticArthritis #pathophysiology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... hematuria: - RBC ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #blood
Evaluation of Leukocytosis:
The term 'leukocyte' applies to any cells within the myeloblast, monoblast, & lymphoid lineages.
Include
defined as white blood ... in peripheral blood ... the margins of blood ... LEUCOCYTOSIS WBC ... the underlying cause
RBC Casts on Urine Microscopy

Dr. Telma Lemos @TELMALEMOS10

#RBC #Casts #Urine #Microscopy #clinical #nephrology
RBC Casts on Urine ... TELMALEMOS10 #RBC ... #Casts #Urine # ... Microscopy #clinical #nephrology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
decreased PLT count: CBC ... plateletcount), peripheral blood ... disease), HBsAg/anti-HBc ... patients if the cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... : • RBC Casts - ... glomerulonephritis • WBC ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
of peripheral blood ... Even with normal WBC ... cultures, including blood ... 21% had normal WBC ... #pathophysiology