10 results
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... • Inhibit Na+K+ ... Piretanide Potassium ... #Pharmacology #
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Increased EC shift of K ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
NSAIDs, β-blockers, Antibiotics ... , K-sparing diuretics ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl ... Redistribution Treatments ... #potassium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Inhibitors of Na+K+ ... 2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Epithelial Channels (K+ ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Veltassa (Patiromer) 
MECHANISM: Potassium Binder 
INDICATION: Treatment of Hyperkalemia 
FORMULATION: Powder for oral suspension 
DOSING: 8.4
) MECHANISM: Potassium ... INDICATION: Treatment ... needed, based on K ... ACE inhibitors, ... #Hyperkalemia #Pharmacology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
; • Active diuretic ... Tubulopathy: urine K/ ... to the dose of diuretic ... correcting serum potassium ... hypokalemia #diagnosis #differential
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
500 → may stop antibiotics ... changes: high K, ... Adjuncts: loop diuretics ... : - Seen with AML ... (~20 %) and APL