11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... acidosis: Gl tract ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
- AKI Workup Algorithm ... urinary sediment, renal ... renal biopsy • ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... Acute or chronic renal ... #Causes #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... ≥100): SIADH, Renal ... Present (Uosm <100): Renal ... Hypervolemia with poor renal ... #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
HYPOTENSION → renal ... vasoconstriction → decreased renal ... perfusion → renal ... Cast formation: Renal ... #treatment #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... suggests extra-renal ... acidosis: Proximal ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... Phosphate: Distal Renal ... type 1-4, Lowe ... Syndrome (Oculo-Cerebro-Renal ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
or acute kidney injury ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Renal parenchymal
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
- Appropriate renal ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis • Hyperosmolarity ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, rhabdo/crush injury ... post-hypothermia • ↓ Renal ... Excretion: - Renal ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... #potassium #nephrology