111 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm using Urine Potassium to Creatinine Ratio

#Hypokalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium #Creatinine #Ratio
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm using Urine Potassium ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium ... Creatinine #Ratio #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... Hyperglycemia, High ... Polydipsia #Polyuria #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Osmotic Diuretics (e.g ... Loop Diuretics (e.g ... 4) Thiazides (e.g ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Osmotic diuretics (e.g ... Loop diuretic (e.g ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g. ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
therapy (MET): e.g ... ALL patients - High ... involvement: eyes, TFT, ECG ... alkalinisation: potassium ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #