19 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease, Hyperthyroidism ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Other Familial Hypercalcemias ... Malignancy • PTH-Related ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... Determine whether PTH-dependent ... uw_IMresidency #Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH ... Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid #Hormone #PTH ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... Serum levels of PTH ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... kidney disease #Hypocalcemia ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management PTH ... Independent (↑ PTH ... Signaling #Hypocalcemia ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology
REBEL Review 71: Treatment of Thyroid Storm 

Propranolol 
Esmolol 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 
Methimazole 
Saturated Solution of Potassium
Propylthiouracil (PTU ... Hydrocortisone #endocrinology ... #thyroidstorm #hyperthyroidism
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism ... common cause of hyperthyroidism ... : 1 ) Primary hyperthyroidism ... • Methimazole/PTU ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperthyroidism ... Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... Methimazole and PTU ... #differential #endocrinology