16 results
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... Determine whether PTH-dependent ... other hormonal causes ... for non-hormonal causes ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
/PTT • Low plasma ... /INR: ↑ • PTT: ... Treat primary cause ... INR < 2.3 - APTT ... #treatment #management
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Signaling #Hypocalcemia ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... 1) Clinical clues ... 2) PTH - Frankly ... BrighamChiefs #Hypercalcemia ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hemophilia - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis:
 • Consistent bleeding history (unless screening for disease in family members
Diagnosis and Management ... established disease) • aPTT ... mixing study (aPTT ... normal in mild cases ... Chronic Management
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... ) Management:
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Diagnosis and Management ... : Most Common Cause ... Hyperkalemia is ... Secondary #Diagnosis #Management ... #Endocrinology
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Epidemiology: Most common cause ... • Methimazole/PTU ... Hyperthyroidism #diagnosis #management ... #endocrinology
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases ... Treatment #algorithm #management ... #endocrinology