21 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Chronic Infection) High ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... #MCV #Classification ... #Differential #
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... carbonic anhydrase II deficiency ... proximal features and high ... #RTA #types #classification ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential ... • B12/Folate ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... #Classification ... #Approach #Differential
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
" High MCV - >96fL ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency, Folate ... deficiency • ... morphologic #mcv #differential
Lactic Acidosis - Classification and Differential Diagnosis
Type A Lactic Acidosis: Inadequate Oxygen Delivery
 • Anaerobic muscular
- Classification ... and Differential ... delivery: Hypoxemia, Anemia ... syndrome, Thiamine deficiency ... #Classification
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic ... #nephrology
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
turnover • Iron, B-12 ... , or folate deficiency ... High Glucose ... • Hemolytic anemia ... Diagnosis #DM2 #Differential
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic ... inhibitors and SGLT2 deficiency ... linezolid U - Uremia ... #diagnosis #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... 0.8 Normal + High ... 0.8-2.0 Pure High ... Renal failure (uremia ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Administration of inulin, B2 ... mmol creatinine) High ... Low-normal EABV, High ... urine #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology