50 results
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... of the initial work-up ... deficiency. ... #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... kidney disease, Acute ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Blood Loss • Acute ... • B12/Folate ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... , or folate deficiency ... RBC turnover • Acute ... • Hemolytic anemia ... Increase #Decrease #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... creatinine (in 12 ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Encephalopathy - Acute ... Thiamine (B1) Deficiency ... Clinical Diagnosis ... #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
1) Clinical diagnosis ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... - Progressive amnesia ... (parkinsonian signs
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency ... , Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism ... Fabry's disease, Acute ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology