19 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
) Deficiency Clinical ... Diagnosis - Caine ... dysfunction and gait ... #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... require urgent nephrology ... creatinine (in 12 ... you confirmed diagnosis ... #nephrology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #comparison #neurology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... : • Vit B12 - aka ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... parasthesias, gait
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic ... Elevated Anion Gap > 12 ... (Gain of H+) - ... secretion • AKI ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap #Nephrology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... Most cases diagnosed ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... ) - Waddling gait
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... mineralocorticoid deficiency ... Losses (AKI, Post-AKI ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency ... , Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism ... • Inflammatory/AI ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... based on repeat clinic ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Nephritic syndrome • AKI ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology