101 results
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... erythematosus • HLH ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... deficiency Infections ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Alloimmune • anti-HLA ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Vasculitis • Infection ... #Hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: •
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
: Overwhelming clinical ... syndrome associated ... age, however the disease ... : • Infection ... #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Myelofibrosis Infectious ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... #Hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Clinical Presentation ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... • HLH Labs: ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Treatment
Primary HLH:
 - HLH-94 Protocol
    • Dexamethasone
) Treatment Primary ... associated with infection ... or autoimmune disease ... for refractory disease ... #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pancreatic Disease ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Liver Disease ... #Hematology