33 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Other: Transfusion reaction ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... cold agglutin disease ... - Transfusion reaction ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... for workup, including ... : Acute blood loss ... , Acute hemolysis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... , McLeod blood group ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Peripheral Blood ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... cells: Sickle cell ... disease Bite cells ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... AIHA, Transfusion reactions ... Defects: Sickle cell ... - Peripheral Blood ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell ... disease (diverse ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Chronic kidney disease ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... defects (e.g. sickle cell ... Production #Index #hematology
Basophilia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Basophils < 1% of the total white blood cell count
Basophils function similarly
the total white blood ... during an allergic reaction ... Or Inflammatory Reactions ... Colitis and Crohn’s Disease ... Diagnosis #causes #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... malignancies -> CLL ... significance (MGUS), CLL ... sensitize red blood ... #hematology #diagnosis
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Blood Transfusion ... Graft Versus Host Disease ... Borrellia (Lyme disease ... Trypanosoma (Chagas disease ... diagnosis #management #hematology