14 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) in Patients ... change disease • Hematologic ... malignancies Treatment ... Classification #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... require urgent nephrology ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... tubular necrosis (causes ... : sepsis, meds, ... #Acute #Kidney ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Approach - MCV) Low ... of chronic kidney ... disease, Acute ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... #hematology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... #causes #Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
(MDS) What? ... group of disorders caused ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... #diagnosis #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
and petechiae Causes ... (MDS) (normal or ... Treatment: ... may result from low ... #oncology #hematology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... fever - ACS, AKI ... , acute limb ischemia ... Elevated uric acid ... , Elevated Cr, Low
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute ... stones caused by ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology