60 results
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Autoimmune Diseases: • Systemic ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Thiamine B1 ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... - Low Serum B12 ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #elevatedMCV #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... crisis • Severe B12 ... macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... " • HELLP syndrome ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
central nervous system ... diagnosis and treatment ... • Systemic lupus ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
DIAGNOSE AIHA • Anemia ... • Blood smear: Differential ... FOR a cause → Systematic ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Disorders secondary to Systemic ... Iron deficiency anemia ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Secondary #dermatology ... #Differential #