12 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... of glomerular bleeding ... #Algorithm #Workup ... #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... hematuria • Signs ... #causes #urology ... #urine #blood
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Algorithm Hypertension ... visits, Ambulatory blood ... Nephritic syndrome • AKI ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Pathophysiology Comparison ... a blockage in blood ... flow caused by ... Depends on the cause ... #criticalcare #diagnosis
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... thrombosis of short posterior ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
with vascular causes ... Central #Vertigo #diagnosis ... #findings #signs ... #symptoms #comparison ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... specific to NBTE, and diagnosis ... is required for diagnosis ... in up to 30% of cases ... #Endocarditis #comparison