36 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Chronic alcoholism ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... (chronic B1 deficiency ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Chronic presentation ... of Thiamine deficiency ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... #neurology #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Mineral corticoid deficiency ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... : • Acute or chronic ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
• Anemia of chronic ... • Anemia of chronic ... , Folate deficiency ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Disease • GH Deficiency ... • IGF-I Deficiency ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... Marrow Transplant Chronic ... Chronic UTI) •
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome ... - Thiamine Deficiency ... commonly due to chronic ... is Korsakoff's syndrome ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Polycythemia Vera • Chronic ... : • Acute or Chronic ... effect following treatment ... malignancy • Iron deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
GI Absorption: Chronic ... Binders, Vitamin D Deficiency ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Vitamin D: Vit D Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
specifically: iron deficiency ... hemorrhage) • Chronic ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Myelofibrosis (MF) • Chronic ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Malabsorption, Chronic ... Niacin, Vitamin D deficiency ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D deficiency ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology