17 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... diuresis • Central diabetes ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... Hyperglycemia, High ... 100 mosm/kg • Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Diabetes Insipidus ... #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
HyperKalemia - Differential ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... glycosides • High ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #HyperKalemia #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
• Drugs • Diabetic ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
GIobi Pallidi T2 High ... Globi Pallidi T1 High ... Signal: Diabetic ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology