73 results
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia Differential ... low, uric acid ... and uric acid low ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid - Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... causes #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... Algorithm #Workup #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... Reduced renal blood flow ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High Al, Low ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology