22 results
Cardiac Amyloid - Diagnosis, Signs, Symptoms and Management

Clinical Presentation
- exertional dyspnea
- peripheral edema
- exertional syncope
- peripheral
Cardiac Amyloid - Diagnosis ... , Signs, Symptoms ... Amyloidosis #Cardiac #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Cardiology ... #Staging
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... improvement in symptoms ... composite endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure ... #cardiology
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... III and class IV symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Classification
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
four-component staging ... or signs of heart ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Stages #Classes
Tree in Bud Sign
The Tree-in-Bud sign represents Endobronchial spread in a linear branching pattern and centrilobular
Tree in Bud Sign ... actually seen in all ... #diagnosis #clinical ... #radiology #ChestCT ... #pathophysiology
Anaplasma Infection - Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Pathophysiology: 
 • Obligate, intracellular bacteria
 • Transmitted via blacklegged tick —
phagocytophilum Pathophysiology ... within morulae Signs ... and symptoms: ... malaise, myalgias, shaking ... Anaplasma #Infection #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... Pharmacology: • ACE ... Jcortesizaguirr #HFrEF #heartfailure ... #cardiology #pharmacology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... should be done in ALL
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
with keratotic scaling ... hair follicles -> causes ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications