26 results
Antinuclear Antibody Testing - Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Patterns
Nuclear Patterns:
 • Homogeneous pattern: 
   -
Antinuclear Antibody Testing ... • Reticular/AMA ... body-like: - Neurologic ... Antinuclear #Antibody #Testing ... #differential #diagnosis
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acid → renal salt wasting ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... malformation, Aneurysm ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia
Antinuclear Antibody Testing Cytoplasmic Patterns
Reticular/AMA: 
 • PBC, SSc, PBC/SSc OS, PBC/SjS OS
 • AMA
Speckled:
 •
Antinuclear Antibody Testing ... Cytoplasmic Patterns ... body-like: • Neurologic ... #Cytoplasmic #Patterns ... #differential #diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) - Subdural, Epidural, Subarachnoid Comparison

Subdural hematoma 
• Crescent-shaped 
• Blood collection between dura
and skull • Tearing ... Rupture of berry aneurysm ... Subarachnoid #Comparison #Neurology ... #Diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology