15 results
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... Febrile Infection ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... brain injury • Infectious ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
fastidious bacteria or fungi ... (grows slow, requires ... but important causes ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... bacteria) and 18S ( fungi
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Impaired forward flow ... nephropathy • Secondary ... Post-infectious ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... Urinary tract infection ... solubility: • Low ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Causes
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
: Most Common Cause ... : TB, fungal infection ... AI, hyponatremia ... Hyperpigmentation is absent (low ... Causes of Secondary