16 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... )-alkali syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #calcium #high ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypoparathyroidism: Autoimmune, Genetic ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... - Calcium Sequestration ... - DiGeorge Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... hyperparathyroidism Genetic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Phenytoin, Nephrotic Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Paraffin-associated granuloma • Genetic ... : Williams syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
- Genetic defects ... in calcium-sensing ... Malabsorption syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... precipitates with calcium ... culture used to diagnose ... • Metabolic syndrome ... #rheumatology #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Decreased calcium ... Malabsorption Syndromes ... Hypoparathyroidism - Genetic ... #Causes #endocrinology