85 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... , Low R - Primary ... Al, Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... #Hypokalemia # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
) - Gout - Metabolic ... syndrome, Glucose ... ARB, diabetes) ACE ... grade 2-3) - Metabolic ... syndrome, Glucose
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Low PTH: • High ... PTHrP: - Low ... disease, Milk Alkali Syndrome ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... Algorithm #Workup #nephrology
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... -> Uric Acid (low ... Urate Nephropathy (low ... Hypocalcemia • Hyperkalemia
Tumor lysis syndrome refers to the constellation of metabolic disturbances that occurs when large numbers of
Tumor lysis syndrome ... constellation of metabolic ... intracellular ions and metabolic ... hyperuricemia, #hyperkalemia ... acutekidneyinjury #Pathophysiology