11 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... tract obstruction, Chronic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Chronic diarrhea ... the indicated causes ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic acidosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... with renal tubal acidosis ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... Loss (Negative urine ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... the underlying cause ... correction of chronic ... #sodium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Creatinine • Chronic ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Causes