39 results
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Findings Grading Ligament ... Sprains l: Minimal ligament ... #Sports #MSK #orthopedics ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
shearing injury -> Ligaments ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
muscle, tendon, ligaments ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... to diagnosis scapholunate ... scapholunate interosseous ligament ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... #Management #Orthopedics
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... II-IV, pending orthopedic ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
, posterior Sl ligaments ... sacrotuberous ligaments ... Grades #Grading #Orthopedics ... #MSK #diagnosis ... complications #pathophysiology