109 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Granulomatous disease ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... failure, Addison's disease ... calcium)-alkali syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism (low TSH, High T4/T3) - Diagnostic Algorithm

Radioactive iodine scan – get if concern for nodular
if concern for nodular ... thyroid disease ... Graves disease – ... workup choices AND management ... Algorithm #Workup #Endocrinology
Hirsutism & Virilization - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADRENAL EXCESS
Ovarian
 • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
 • Hyperthecosis
 • Tumor
Adrenal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Obesity • Liver Disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Activation: Liver disease ... , Kidney Disease ... #Management #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... granulomatous diseases ... Genetic: Williams syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... neurology #symptoms #signs
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
- Differential Diagnosis ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... • Budd Chiari syndrome ... • Infiltrative diseases ... Veno-occlusive disease
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
• Serotonin Syndrome ... Abnormalities: Ocular ... Dizziness - Nausea ... SideEffects #Psychiatry #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
structural heart disease ... carotid sinus syndrome ... further guide management ... orthostatic vital sign ... the underlying disease