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Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Solute Diuresis • Na intake/saline • Glucosuria: Hyperglycemia, SGLT-2 inhibitors • Urea: Exogenous
Diagnosis Solute Diuresis ... Resolution of AKI • Mannitol ... use Water Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
Causes of Polyuria ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... gliflozins) • Other: Mannitol ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... (Mannitol) • ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
foscarnet - Diuretics ... and other loop diuretics ... Thiazides - Mannitol ... antiretroviral therapy - Diuretics ... diagnosis #nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... scheme) e.g., mannitol ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... /min) Osmotic Diuresis ... Mellitus) • Mannitol ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Hyperglycemia, Mannitol ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron 1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) 2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol) 3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... inhibitor) 2) Osmotic diuretics ... (e.g. mannitol) ... 3) Loop diuretic ... Thiazides-type diuretics
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action Diuretics 1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin 2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics) 3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide) 4)
Pathophysiology - Diuretic ... Sites of Action Diuretics ... Osmotic agents (mannitol ... Pathophysiology #Diuretics
Summary of Diuretic Agents Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP DIURETICS ... POTASSIUM-SPARING DIURETICS ... • Mannitol VASOPRESSIN ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics
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