16 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Immobilization, Drugs ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... #Workup #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndrome ->Cord ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency • Drugs ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #nephrology #calcium
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... and signs below ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Distended bladder with high ... Contraction - Signs ... neuropathy or spinal ... equina syndrome ... anticholinergic medications
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inappropriately High ... Hyperparathyroidism, TKI ... #nephrology #phosphorus ... #workup
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... cord infarct ... and posterior thigh ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lesions of the spinal ... cord • Inflammatory ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... dystrophies Work ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Signs and symptoms ... Progressive MS (Spinal ... cord predominant ... diagnosis #management #neurology