29 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... • Humoral Hypercalcemia ... Granulomatous Disorders (eg ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... suggests either secondary ... Hyperaldosteronism • Secondary ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... long-standing secondary ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal Causes ... Hypomagnesemia with secondary ... hypomagnesemia Renal Causes ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Silicone-induced granuloma, BCG-associated ... jamiekwillows #Hypercalcemia ... #VitaminD #causes ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... baseline ACTH - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... 3+) Consider secondary ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypertension #HTN #Secondary ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
• Starvation Secondary ... High purine diet Secondary ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... diagnosis #table #neurology