1926 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... disease of bone Malignancy ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Mechanism of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Abbreviations: 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related
Mechanism of malignancy-associated ... lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid ... #Pathophys #Diagnosis ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... adenoma, Parathyroid ... hyperplasia, Parathyroid ... • High PTHrP: Malignancy ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... → Diagnostic of ... Stricture • Malignancy ... Hematuria: • Malignancy ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Algorithm (PTH = parathyroid ... hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy ... PTH-mediated • Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Burns Non malignant ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Differential Diagnosis ... Noninfectious Causes ... - Neuroleptic malignant ... Drug fever - Malignancy ... Noninfectious #Causes
Since these risk factors are numerous and have different effects on the malignancy risk, it is
effects on the malignancy ... probability of malignancy ... #Diagnosis #EBM ... #Probability #Malginancy