136 results
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Cell (RBC) Morphologies ... and Associated Diseases ... cell, Other RBC ... Howell-Jolly bodies #RBC ... #Hematology #Diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Decreased RBC ... Anemia of Chronic Disease ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Decreased ... Polychromatic Macrocytes, RBC ... Spherocytes, RBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... /WBC casts, proteinuria ... intrinsic renal disease
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
glomerular hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Algorithm Persistent ... /RBC casts ... Minimal change disease ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... == Decreased RBC ... Glucose Content • RBC ... Reduction == Increase RBC ... Dilutional Effect • RBC
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Relative ... - Normal RBC Mass ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Normal ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... (proteinuria, RBC ... Nephrology if cause ... #Algorithm #Workup