48 results
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Fibrillation Overview Symptoms ... Valvular heart disease ... Drugs/toxins • Metabolic ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Diagnosis and Management ... LOW VIT D - Deficiency ... Activation: Liver disease ... , Kidney Disease ... (CKD) - Metabolism
Plain radiography of the abdomen revealed calcification of both adrenal glands. A homozygous mutation in LIPA
, or Wolman’s disease ... autosomal recessive metabolic ... critical for the metabolism ... triglycerides, a deficiency ... NEJM #Wolmans #radiology
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease ... Pathophsiology ... storage disorder • Deficiency ... #Gauchers #Disease ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis ... Toxicology #Diagnosis #Management
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... Vasodilation Paget's Disease ... Vasodilation Lung Disease ... Hyperthyroidism - Increased Metabolism ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... improvement in symptoms ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Magnesium Deficiency and Alcoholism

Risks associated with Mg deficiency in alcoholism:
 • Affects protein synthesis. energy production,
Magnesium Deficiency ... atherosclerotic CVS disease ... • Depressive symptoms ... • Mg deficiency ... Alcoholism #alcohol #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Iron Deficiency ... Ill HF with iron deficiency ... order to alleviate symptoms ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management ... #algorithm #cardiology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... Inflammatory bowel disease ... • Metabolic: Menkes ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency ... #riskfactors #symptoms