30 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
(proteinuria, RBC ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer ... to Nephrology if ... cause not identified
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
diagnosis with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Decreased intake (rare cause ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... #Nephrology #Differential