13 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... • Bilateral RAS ... • Unilateral RAS ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
the existence of hypertension ... suggests either secondary ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Hyperaldosteronism • Secondary ... #nephrology #potassium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... Kidney stones caused ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... , including a diuretic ... An acute rise or ... with previously stable ... Jcortesizaguirr #Secondary
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... nephropathy • Secondary ... • Prolonged hypotension ... NephroP #AKI #causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... after starvation, Acute ... states, Primary or secondary ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
Types • Type 1 - Acute ... - Chronic RCS: Hypertension ... shifts may be in cause ... • Type 5 - Secondary ... Types #cardiology #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Neurological symptoms: Acute ... syndrome, ADEM, Acute ... the underlying cause ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified