14 results
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
calcify &/or turn malignant ... " appearance) Malignant ... Constitutional Symptoms ... BoneLesion #XRay #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
tear a portion of bone ... /Complications: ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
tendon in the body ... etiology Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Note: in DKA, body ... out of cells may cause ... brain... thus, the body ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... Spots Stage 4: Malignant ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications ... formation MSK ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... patients have no symptoms ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... anterior/posterior MSK
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... shows a small, stable ... polyangiitis) • Malignancy ... #differential #causes