52 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
#Syndromes #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
ligament disruption, mild ... Ill: Complete tear ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports #MSK ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Avulsion or shearing injury ... onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria • Signs ... → Diagnostic of ... #nephrology #renal
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
to Acute Kidney Injury ... AKI) What to ask ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
Disorders • CN Ill ... Fasciculus (MLF) Iniury ... Skew Deviation Casey ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #differential #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Demyelinating Disease (MS ... Phrenic nerve injury ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology