23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Diuretics (late) • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm ADH ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Treat with a high ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... Diuretics (late) • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Diarrhea, Third spacing ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm GI Losses ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... syndrome: troponin ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... thirst, Lack of access ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
radiation dose Ultrasound ... non-invasive - High ... obstruction - Able ... scan) when an ultrasound ... with surgical access