1588 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... Managment: • Pain ... • Try retrieve stone ... #Management #Pediatrics
UROLITHIASIS 

80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
UROLITHIASIS 80% of stones ... & cystine (1%) stones ... Struvite stones, ... Uric acid stone ... These mutations cause
Medications for Recurrent Calcium Oxalate (CaOx) Stones
HYPERCALCIURIA
 • Thiazides: HCT, Indapamide, Chlorthalidone
 • Consider after first
Oxalate (CaOx) Stones ... Consider after first stone ... kidney - Large stone ... risk in CaPO4 stones ... Medications #Recurrent #Management
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
calcium-containing stones ... X-rays useful tor stone ... ureteric and renal stones ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid Stones ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... carcinoma - Stone ... • Bladder stone ... #Causes #Urology
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
Causes of Biliary ... diverticulum, AUPBD • Stones ... : Biliary stone( ... Biliary #Dilatation #causes
Causes of Acute Pelvic Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-Gynecologic:
• Genitourinary (Infection, Stone)
• Gastrointestinal (Appendicitis, Gastroenteritis, Diverticulitis,
Causes of Acute ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Genitourinary (Infection, Stone ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #OBGyn
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
urinalysis, labs - Management ... renal biopsy - Management ... treating underlying cause ... - Intrarenal: stones ... ultrasonography - Manaqement
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease Renal Causes ... Hematuria: • Stone ... and SMA - Can cause ... Cystitis • Bladder stones ... urinary tract) Causes